See chao on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "chão"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese chão",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "planus",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Latin planus (“flat”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese chão, from Latin planus (“flat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chaos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chao m (plural chaos)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "plain, plateau; ground",
"word": "chan"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Chao"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of chan (“plain, plateau; ground”)"
],
"id": "en-chao-gl-noun--nwEdspe",
"links": [
[
"chan",
"chan#Galician"
],
[
"plain",
"plain"
],
[
"plateau",
"plateau"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaʊ̯]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaw]"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "chão"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese chão",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "planus",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Latin planus (“flat”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese chão, from Latin planus (“flat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chaos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chás",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"f": "chá"
},
"expansion": "chao (feminine chá, masculine plural chaos, feminine plural chás)",
"name": "gl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "flat",
"word": "chan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of chan (“flat”)"
],
"id": "en-chao-gl-adj-ZBAmLK3Q",
"links": [
[
"chan",
"chan#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"absolutely"
],
"id": "en-chao-gl-adj-r27pkQZ1",
"links": [
[
"absolutely",
"absolutely"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaʊ̯]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaw]"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "escravo",
"3": "eslavo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of escravo and eslavo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), possibly through Argentinian Spanish. Doublet of escravo and eslavo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 84 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bye, goodbye"
],
"id": "en-chao-gl-intj-tfWL~D5T",
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye, goodbye"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abur"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "tchao",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "French tchao",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "de",
"3": "tschau",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "German tschau",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "Italian ciao",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "chau",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish chau",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "tchao",
"3": "tschau",
"4": "ciao",
"5": "",
"6": "chau",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French tchao, German tschau, Italian ciao, Spanish chau",
"name": "io-bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "but only in the sense of \"goodbye\""
},
"expansion": "(but only in the sense of \"goodbye\")",
"name": "gloss"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French tchao, German tschau, Italian ciao, Spanish chau (but only in the sense of \"goodbye\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "saluto"
},
{
"word": "hola"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido neologisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 3 1 21 3 3 3 3 22 16 9 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 17 4 4 4 4 17 12 13 18 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"goodbye"
],
"id": "en-chao-io-intj-guNaY866",
"links": [
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(neologism, often informal) goodbye"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adio"
},
{
"word": "til rivido"
},
{
"word": "til"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"neologism",
"often"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃao/"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"notr": "1"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "cmn-pinyin"
}
],
"lang": "Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chāo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of chāo"
],
"id": "en-chao-cmn-romanization-WKXhkvCL",
"links": [
[
"chāo",
"chāo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cháo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of cháo"
],
"id": "en-chao-cmn-romanization-fmhVKx-s",
"links": [
[
"cháo",
"cháo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chǎo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of chǎo"
],
"id": "en-chao-cmn-romanization-8k0PJ9uf",
"links": [
[
"chǎo",
"chǎo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chào"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of chào"
],
"id": "en-chao-cmn-romanization-rnuDMhWP",
"links": [
[
"chào",
"chào#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao<t:hello, goodbye>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"hello, goodbye\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"chao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"chao\">\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "esclavo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of esclavo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of esclavo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 3 1 21 3 3 3 3 22 16 9 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 17 4 4 4 4 17 12 13 18 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chao, bacalao"
},
{
"word": "chao, pescao"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bye"
],
"id": "en-chao-es-intj-tJ9CWn4f",
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃaw/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaw]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 3 1 21 3 3 3 3 22 16 9 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 17 4 4 4 4 17 12 13 18 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] inflected form of -ao"
],
"id": "en-chao-sw-adj-2VRQMF7C",
"links": [
[
"-ao",
"ao#Swahili"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-chao.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Sw-ke-chao.flac/Sw-ke-chao.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Sw-ke-chao.flac/Sw-ke-chao.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
]
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "nan-hbl",
"3": "醬",
"tr": "chiùⁿ"
},
"expansion": "Hokkien 醬 /酱 (chiùⁿ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เต้าเจี้ยว"
},
"expansion": "Thai เต้าเจี้ยว (dtâo-jîao)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ",
"3": "ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ (taochiāu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "tauco",
"3": "taoco"
},
"expansion": "Malay taoco",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tương"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tương",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a form of Hokkien 醬 /酱 (chiùⁿ) (SV: tương). Compare Thai เต้าเจี้ยว (dtâo-jîao), Lao ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ (taochiāu), Malay taoco, taucu. Doublet of tương.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "洲",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Vietnamese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Vietnamese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 3 1 21 3 3 3 3 22 16 9 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 17 4 4 4 4 17 12 13 18 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 54 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 58 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Condiments",
"orig": "vi:Condiments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fermented bean curd"
],
"id": "en-chao-vi-noun-lXCAg2i5",
"links": [
[
"fermented",
"fermented"
],
[
"bean curd",
"bean curd"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) fermented bean curd"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "đậu phụ nhự"
}
],
"tags": [
"Central",
"Southern",
"Vietnam"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[caːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hal",
"2": "chiao"
},
"expansion": "Halang chiao",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Halang chiao.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "洲",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "chao đảo"
},
{
"word": "chao liệng"
},
{
"word": "chao lượn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to glide (in the air)"
],
"id": "en-chao-vi-verb-yreTGoGB",
"links": [
[
"glide",
"glide"
],
[
"air",
"air"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[caːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "vi-interj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 5 1 17 4 4 4 4 17 12 13 18 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oh my"
],
"id": "en-chao-vi-intj-F8NKFhNu",
"links": [
[
"oh my",
"oh my"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ôi chao"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[caːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician adjectives",
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician doublets",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician interjections",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician masculine nouns",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms borrowed from Italian",
"Galician terms derived from Italian",
"Galician terms derived from Latin",
"Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician terms inherited from Latin",
"Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Chao"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "chão"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese chão",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "planus",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Latin planus (“flat”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese chão, from Latin planus (“flat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chaos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chao m (plural chaos)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "plain, plateau; ground",
"word": "chan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of chan (“plain, plateau; ground”)"
],
"links": [
[
"chan",
"chan#Galician"
],
[
"plain",
"plain"
],
[
"plateau",
"plateau"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaʊ̯]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaw]"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician adjectives",
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician doublets",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician interjections",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician masculine nouns",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms borrowed from Italian",
"Galician terms derived from Italian",
"Galician terms derived from Latin",
"Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician terms inherited from Latin",
"Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "chão"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese chão",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "planus",
"t": "flat"
},
"expansion": "Latin planus (“flat”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese chão, from Latin planus (“flat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chaos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chás",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"f": "chá"
},
"expansion": "chao (feminine chá, masculine plural chaos, feminine plural chás)",
"name": "gl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "flat",
"word": "chan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of chan (“flat”)"
],
"links": [
[
"chan",
"chan#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"absolutely"
],
"links": [
[
"absolutely",
"absolutely"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaʊ̯]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaw]"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician doublets",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician interjections",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician terms borrowed from Italian",
"Galician terms derived from Italian",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "escravo",
"3": "eslavo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of escravo and eslavo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), possibly through Argentinian Spanish. Doublet of escravo and eslavo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"bye, goodbye"
],
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye, goodbye"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abur"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "tchao",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "French tchao",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "de",
"3": "tschau",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "German tschau",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "Italian ciao",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "chau",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish chau",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "tchao",
"3": "tschau",
"4": "ciao",
"5": "",
"6": "chau",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French tchao, German tschau, Italian ciao, Spanish chau",
"name": "io-bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "but only in the sense of \"goodbye\""
},
"expansion": "(but only in the sense of \"goodbye\")",
"name": "gloss"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French tchao, German tschau, Italian ciao, Spanish chau (but only in the sense of \"goodbye\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "saluto"
},
{
"word": "hola"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido farewells",
"Ido informal terms",
"Ido interjections",
"Ido lemmas",
"Ido neologisms",
"Ido terms borrowed from French",
"Ido terms borrowed from German",
"Ido terms borrowed from Italian",
"Ido terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Ido terms derived from French",
"Ido terms derived from German",
"Ido terms derived from Italian",
"Ido terms derived from Spanish",
"Ido terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"goodbye"
],
"links": [
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(neologism, often informal) goodbye"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adio"
},
{
"word": "til rivido"
},
{
"word": "til"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"neologism",
"often"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃao/"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hanyu Pinyin",
"Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"Mandarin non-lemma forms",
"Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"notr": "1"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "cmn-pinyin"
}
],
"lang": "Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chāo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of chāo"
],
"links": [
[
"chāo",
"chāo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cháo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of cháo"
],
"links": [
[
"cháo",
"cháo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chǎo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of chǎo"
],
"links": [
[
"chǎo",
"chǎo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chào"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard spelling of chào"
],
"links": [
[
"chào",
"chào#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chao, bacalao"
},
{
"word": "chao, pescao"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao<t:hello, goodbye>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"hello, goodbye\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"chao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"chao\">\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "esclavo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of esclavo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of esclavo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/aw",
"Rhymes:Spanish/aw/1 syllable",
"Spanish 1-syllable words",
"Spanish colloquialisms",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish farewells",
"Spanish interjections",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Italian",
"Spanish terms derived from Italian",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"bye"
],
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃaw/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃaw]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili adjective forms",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili non-lemma forms"
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] inflected form of -ao"
],
"links": [
[
"-ao",
"ao#Swahili"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-chao.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Sw-ke-chao.flac/Sw-ke-chao.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Sw-ke-chao.flac/Sw-ke-chao.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
]
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese interjections",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Vietnamese links with redundant target parameters",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Hokkien",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Hokkien",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "nan-hbl",
"3": "醬",
"tr": "chiùⁿ"
},
"expansion": "Hokkien 醬 /酱 (chiùⁿ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เต้าเจี้ยว"
},
"expansion": "Thai เต้าเจี้ยว (dtâo-jîao)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ",
"3": "ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ (taochiāu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "tauco",
"3": "taoco"
},
"expansion": "Malay taoco",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tương"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tương",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a form of Hokkien 醬 /酱 (chiùⁿ) (SV: tương). Compare Thai เต้าเจี้ยว (dtâo-jîao), Lao ເຕົ້າຈ້ຽວ (taochiāu), Malay taoco, taucu. Doublet of tương.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "洲",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Central Vietnamese",
"Southern Vietnamese"
],
"glosses": [
"fermented bean curd"
],
"links": [
[
"fermented",
"fermented"
],
[
"bean curd",
"bean curd"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) fermented bean curd"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "đậu phụ nhự"
}
],
"tags": [
"Central",
"Southern",
"Vietnam"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[caːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese interjections",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chao đảo"
},
{
"word": "chao liệng"
},
{
"word": "chao lượn"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hal",
"2": "chiao"
},
"expansion": "Halang chiao",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Halang chiao.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "洲",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "洲"
},
"expansion": "chao • (洲)",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to glide (in the air)"
],
"links": [
[
"glide",
"glide"
],
[
"air",
"air"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[caːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese interjections",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chao",
"name": "vi-interj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"oh my"
],
"links": [
[
"oh my",
"oh my"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ôi chao"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[caːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "chao"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chao meaning in All languages combined (14.3kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] inflected form of -ao",
"path": [
"chao"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "chao",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.